What is Breast Cancer?
Breast cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the cells of the breast. It can occur in both men and women, although it is far more common in women. The
breast tissue consists of glands, ducts, and fatty tissue, and cancer can form in any of these parts. Understanding the biology of breast cancer is crucial for developing targeted therapies.
What Causes Breast Cancer?
The exact cause of breast cancer is not fully understood, but several
risk factors have been identified. These include genetic mutations, hormonal changes, lifestyle factors, and environmental exposures. Notably, mutations in the
BRCA1 and
BRCA2 genes significantly increase the risk of developing breast cancer.
How is Breast Cancer Diagnosed?
Breast cancer is often diagnosed through a combination of
screening methods and diagnostic tests. Mammography is a common screening tool, while ultrasound and MRI are also used for further evaluation. A biopsy is usually performed to confirm the diagnosis and determine the cancer's type and stage.
How is Research Improving Survival Rates?
Research has significantly improved
survival rates for breast cancer patients. Early detection through improved screening methods and the development of more effective treatments have contributed to better outcomes. Ongoing research aims to identify biomarkers for earlier diagnosis and develop less invasive treatment options.
What Role Does Lifestyle Play in Breast Cancer?
Lifestyle factors such as diet, exercise, and alcohol consumption can influence breast cancer risk. Research suggests that maintaining a healthy weight, engaging in regular physical activity, and limiting alcohol intake can reduce the risk of developing breast cancer. Studies are also examining the impact of
stress and
environmental exposures on breast cancer risk.
