What is Cancer?
Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells. If the spread is not controlled, it can result in death. Cancer can occur almost anywhere in the body, and there are more than 100 types of cancer.
What Causes Cancer?
Cancer is caused by changes (mutations) to the DNA within cells. These mutations can be inherited, develop as a result of errors during cell division, or be caused by environmental factors such as tobacco smoke, radiation, chemicals, and viruses.
Unexplained weight loss
Fatigue
Fever
Pain
Skin changes
Changes in bowel or bladder habits
Persistent cough or trouble breathing
Physical examination
Laboratory tests (blood, urine)
Imaging tests (X-rays, CT scans, MRI)
Biopsy
Early detection significantly improves the chances of successful treatment.
Surgery: Removing the tumor or cancerous tissue.
Radiation therapy: Using high-energy waves to kill or damage cancer cells.
Chemotherapy: Using drugs to kill cancer cells.
Immunotherapy: Boosting the body's immune system to fight cancer.
Targeted therapy: Targeting specific genes or proteins to stop cancer growth.
Hormone therapy: Blocking hormones that fuel certain cancers.
Stem cell transplant: Replacing diseased bone marrow with healthy cells.
Fatigue
Nausea and vomiting
Hair loss
Appetite changes
Skin changes
Infection risk
Emotional and mental health challenges
It is important to discuss potential side effects with your healthcare team to manage them effectively.
Follow a balanced diet and maintain physical activity.
Seek support from family, friends, or support groups.
Consider counseling or psychological support.
Stay informed about your condition and treatment options.
Practice relaxation techniques such as meditation or yoga.
Avoiding tobacco
Maintaining a healthy weight
Eating a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables
Staying physically active
Limiting alcohol consumption
Protecting your skin from the sun
Getting vaccinated against viral infections like HPV and hepatitis B
Regularly screening for certain types of cancer
Always consult with healthcare professionals to get the most accurate and personalized information.
