How Does Radiation Therapy Work?
Radiation therapy works by damaging the DNA within cancer cells, which inhibits their ability to reproduce and grow. Both types of radiation therapy aim to maximize the damage to cancer cells while minimizing exposure to healthy tissue. This is achieved through precise targeting and advanced techniques like
IMRT (Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy) and
proton therapy.
What Are the Risks and Side Effects of Radiation Therapy?
While radiation therapy is effective, it does come with risks and potential side effects. Common side effects include fatigue, skin changes, and localized pain or discomfort. Long-term risks may include the development of secondary cancers due to radiation exposure. However, advances in technology and treatment planning have substantially reduced these risks.
How is Radiation Therapy Planned and Administered?
The planning process for radiation therapy involves several steps to ensure precise delivery. Initially, a
simulation session is conducted using imaging techniques like CT or MRI scans to map out the treatment area.
Dosimetrists and radiation oncologists then collaborate to create a customized treatment plan that specifies the radiation dose and delivery method. The actual administration may occur over several sessions, depending on the cancer type and stage.
Are There Alternatives to Traditional Radiation Therapy?
Yes, there are alternatives to traditional radiation therapy, such as stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). These techniques deliver highly focused radiation doses in fewer sessions. Additionally,
radioisotope therapy, which involves injecting radioactive substances into the body, can be effective for certain cancers like thyroid cancer.
How Effective is Radiation Therapy?
The effectiveness of radiation therapy varies depending on the type, stage, and location of the cancer. It is often used in combination with other treatments like
chemotherapy and
surgery to enhance effectiveness. Radiation therapy has been proven to control or eliminate tumors in many cases, contributing to higher survival rates and improved quality of life.
What are the Latest Advances in Radiation Therapy?
The field of radiation therapy is continually evolving. Recent advances include the development of
adaptive radiation therapy, which adjusts the treatment plan in real-time based on changes in the patient's anatomy. Other notable advancements include the use of artificial intelligence for treatment planning and the integration of biological markers to tailor treatments more precisely.
