How does radiation therapy affect the body?
Radiation therapy uses high-energy particles or waves to destroy or damage cancer cells. Side effects depend on the treatment area and dose. Common side effects include skin irritation, fatigue, and localized pain or discomfort. Long-term effects may include fibrosis, memory loss, or secondary cancers, though these are less common.
What are the side effects of immunotherapy?
Immunotherapy harnesses the body's immune system to fight cancer. Side effects can vary widely but often include flu-like symptoms, such as fever, chills, and fatigue. Other possible side effects include skin reactions, diarrhea, and autoimmune reactions where the immune system attacks normal tissues.
Are there side effects associated with targeted therapy?
Targeted therapy focuses on specific molecules involved in cancer growth. Side effects are generally less severe than traditional chemotherapy but can still include diarrhea, liver problems, and skin problems like rash or dry skin. Some patients may experience high blood pressure or issues with blood clotting.
What are the side effects of hormone therapy?
Hormone therapy is used to treat cancers that rely on hormones to grow, such as breast and prostate cancer. Common side effects for women may include hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and mood swings. Men might experience reduced libido, hot flashes, and fatigue. Both genders may face an increased risk of blood clots and bone thinning.
How can side effects be managed?
Managing side effects is an important aspect of cancer care. Medications can help control nausea, pain, and other symptoms. Lifestyle changes, such as maintaining a balanced diet and staying hydrated, can also alleviate some side effects. Supportive therapies, including physical therapy and counseling, can improve overall wellbeing.
