What is 3D Mammography (Tomosynthesis)?
3D mammography, also known as tomosynthesis, is an advanced form of breast imaging that combines multiple X-ray pictures of the breast from different angles to create a three-dimensional image. This technology allows for a more detailed and accurate examination of the breast tissue compared to traditional 2D mammography.
How Does 3D Mammography Work?
During a 3D mammography exam, the X-ray arm sweeps in an arc over the breast, taking multiple images in a matter of seconds. These images are then reconstructed into a series of thin slices, typically one millimeter thick, which can be viewed individually or as a 3D reconstruction. This allows radiologists to examine breast tissue layer by layer, reducing the overlap of tissues and providing clearer images.
Improved Detection: 3D mammography has been shown to improve the detection of invasive
breast cancers by up to 40% compared to traditional 2D mammography.
Reduced Callbacks: It decreases the number of unnecessary callbacks for additional imaging, as it provides more accurate information and reduces false positives.
Better Visualization: It is particularly beneficial for women with dense breast tissue, where overlapping tissues can sometimes obscure cancers in 2D images.
Who Should Consider 3D Mammography?
3D mammography is recommended for all women undergoing breast cancer screening, particularly those with dense breast tissue or a family history of breast cancer. It is also beneficial for women who have previously had breast cancer or have a higher risk of developing the disease.
Are There Any Risks Associated with 3D Mammography?
The risks associated with 3D mammography are minimal and similar to those of traditional 2D mammography. The primary concern is exposure to a small amount of ionizing radiation. However, the dose of radiation in 3D mammography is only slightly higher than in 2D mammography and is well within the safety limits set by regulatory authorities.
How to Prepare for a 3D Mammography Exam?
Preparing for a 3D mammography exam is similar to preparing for a 2D mammogram. It is advised to schedule the exam for a time when the breasts are least likely to be tender, usually a week after the menstrual period. On the day of the exam, avoid using deodorants, perfumes, or powders, as these can interfere with the images. Wear a two-piece outfit to make it easier to undress from the waist up.
What to Expect During the Exam?
The process of a 3D mammography exam is similar to that of a traditional mammogram. The technologist will position one breast at a time on the mammography machine and compress it with a paddle to get a clear image. While the compression may cause some discomfort, it is necessary to obtain high-quality images. The entire process usually takes about 20-30 minutes.
How are the Results Interpreted?
The images obtained from the 3D mammography are reviewed by a radiologist who specializes in breast imaging. The radiologist looks for any abnormalities, such as masses or calcifications, that may indicate the presence of cancer. If any suspicious findings are identified, additional tests such as ultrasound or biopsy may be recommended.
Is 3D Mammography Covered by Insurance?
Coverage for 3D mammography varies by insurance provider. Many insurance plans now cover the cost of 3D mammography as part of routine breast cancer screening. It is advisable to check with your insurance provider to confirm coverage before scheduling the exam.
Conclusion
3D mammography is a significant advancement in breast cancer screening, offering improved detection rates and reduced callbacks for additional imaging. It is a valuable tool for women of all risk levels, especially those with dense breast tissue. With minimal risks and comprehensive benefits, 3D mammography is becoming an increasingly important part of breast health care.
