Emetic Risk - Cancer Science

What is Emetic Risk?

Emetic risk refers to the likelihood that a cancer treatment, particularly chemotherapy, will cause nausea and vomiting in patients. These side effects are among the most feared by patients undergoing cancer treatment, as they can severely impact quality of life and complicate the management of cancer.

Why is Managing Emetic Risk Important?

Managing emetic risk is crucial because nausea and vomiting can lead to severe dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and malnutrition, which can further weaken a cancer patient. Uncontrolled emesis can also cause patients to delay or refuse further treatment, potentially compromising the efficacy of cancer therapy.

What are the Types of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV)?

There are several types of CINV:

Acute CINV: Occurs within the first 24 hours after chemotherapy.
Delayed CINV: Occurs more than 24 hours after chemotherapy and can last for several days.
Anticipatory CINV: Occurs before treatment as a conditioned response, often due to previous episodes of nausea and vomiting.
Breakthrough CINV: Occurs despite prophylactic treatment.
Refractory CINV: Occurs during subsequent cycles when previous antiemetic treatments have failed.

What Factors Influence Emetic Risk?

Several factors influence emetic risk, including:

Type of chemotherapy drugs: Some drugs are more emetogenic than others.
Dosage and administration schedule: Higher doses and rapid administration increase the risk.
Patient-related factors: Younger patients, women, and those with a history of motion sickness or previous CINV are at higher risk.
Concomitant medications: Some medications can exacerbate nausea and vomiting.

How is Emetic Risk Categorized?

Emetic risk is typically categorized into four levels:

High risk: >90% chance of causing emesis.
Moderate risk: 30-90% chance.
Low risk: 10-30% chance.
Minimal risk:

Relevant Publications

Fasting before contrast-enhanced CT and the incidence of acute adverse reactions: a single-center randomized clinical trial.

Issue Release: 2024

Evaluation of Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Co-Prescribed Serotonin Receptor Antagonists: A Retrospective Analysis.

Issue Release: 2024

2020 ASCO, 2023 NCCN, 2023 MASCC/ESMO, and 2019 CCO: a comparison of antiemetic guidelines for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in cancer patients.

Issue Release: 2024

Risk Factors Associated with Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting Among Women with Breast Cancer Receiving Highly Emetogenic Chemotherapy: Individual Patient-Based Analysis of Three Prospective Antiemetic Trials.

Issue Release: 2024

Inhibitory effect and mechanism of violacein on planktonic growth, spore germination, biofilm formation and toxin production of Bacillus cereus and its application in grass carp preservation.

Issue Release: 2024

Whole Genome Sequencing Reveals Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Genes of Both Pathogenic and Non-Pathogenic Group Isolates from Foodstuffs in Thailand.

Issue Release: 2024

Comparing the Efficacy of Fosnetupitant, an NK Receptor Antagonist in CDDP-Based Regimens, With that of Fosaprepitant and Aprepitant: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Issue Release: 2024

Molecular characterization and toxigenic profiles of Bacillus cereus isolates from foodstuff and food poisoning outbreaks in Brazil.

Issue Release: 2024

Risk factors for nausea and vomiting requiring the daily administration of 5-HT receptor antagonists in radiotherapy combined with temozolomide for high-grade glioma.

Issue Release: 2024

Potential risk of biofilm-forming Bacillus cereus group in fresh-cut lettuce production chain.

Issue Release: 2024

2023 Japan Society of clinical oncology clinical practice guidelines update for antiemesis.

Issue Release: 2024

Non-pharmacological treatments for anticipatory nausea and vomiting during chemotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Antiemesis 2023.

Issue Release: 2024

[Virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance of Bacillus cereus in prepackaged pastries sold in Taizhou from 2020 to 2022].

Issue Release: 2024

Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety, and tolerability of dopamine-receptor antagonists for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

Issue Release: 2024

Fifty years of paracetamol (acetaminophen) poisoning: the development of risk assessment and treatment 1973-2023 with particular focus on contributions published from Edinburgh and Denver.

Issue Release: 2024

The clinical effect of an electric massage chair on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in cancer patients: randomized phase II cross-over trial.

Issue Release: 2024

Prevalence and genomic characterization of the Bacillus cereus group strains contamination in food products in Southern China.

Issue Release: 2024

Effect of Prophylactic Tropisetron on Post-Operative Nausea and Vomiting in Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis with Trial Sequential Analysis.

Issue Release: 2024

2023 Updated MASCC/ESMO Consensus Recommendations: prevention of radiotherapy- and chemoradiotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

Issue Release: 2023

2023 updated MASCC/ESMO Consensus recommendations: Prevention of nausea and vomiting following moderately emetic risk antineoplastic agents.

Issue Release: 2023

What role do biomarkers play in cancer treatment?

How Do Blister Packs Benefit Cancer Patients?

How to Prepare for Bone Marrow Aspiration?

What are the Benefits of Telemedicine in Cancer Care?

Which Types of Cancer Are Most Commonly Associated with Dysphagia?

How do Keratins Affect Tumor Behavior?

Which Cancers are Associated with MSI-H?

What are the Challenges in Using Natural Compounds for Cancer Treatment?

How is Processed Meat Linked to Cancer?

Why is Tumor Location Important in Cancer?

Partnered Content Networks

Relevant Topics