What is Hemodialysis?
Hemodialysis is a medical procedure used to remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys are not functioning properly. It involves diverting blood into a machine where it is cleaned before being returned to the body. This procedure is commonly used for patients with
chronic kidney disease or
acute kidney injury.
How is Hemodialysis Performed?
During hemodialysis, a patient’s blood is passed through a dialyzer or artificial kidney. Access to the blood is usually gained through a fistula, graft, or catheter. The dialyzer filters out waste products, excess electrolytes, and fluids, which are then discarded. The cleaned blood is returned to the patient’s body.
What are the Risks and Complications?
As with any medical procedure, hemodialysis has potential risks and complications. These can include
infection at the access site, low blood pressure, muscle cramps, and blood clots. For cancer patients, the risk of infection may be higher due to a compromised
immune system.
How Does Hemodialysis Impact Cancer Treatment?
Hemodialysis can complicate cancer treatment. For instance, certain medications may need to be adjusted because they are removed by dialysis. Additionally, the timing of
chemotherapy sessions may need to be coordinated with dialysis schedules. This requires close communication between the oncology and nephrology teams.
What are the Alternatives to Hemodialysis?
In some cases,
peritoneal dialysis may be an alternative to hemodialysis. This involves using the lining of the abdomen to filter the blood. However, it may not be suitable for all cancer patients, particularly those with
abdominal tumors or recent surgeries. Kidney transplantation is another option, but it is generally not recommended for patients with active cancer due to the need for immunosuppressive medications.
Conclusion
Hemodialysis plays a crucial role in managing kidney failure in cancer patients, but it comes with its own set of challenges. Understanding the reasons for dialysis, the procedure itself, and its impact on cancer treatment is essential for optimal patient care. Close coordination among healthcare providers and tailored treatment plans can help manage these complexities.
