medical Procedures - Cancer Science

What Are Common Diagnostic Procedures for Cancer?

Diagnostic procedures are critical for detecting cancer at an early stage. Some of the most common methods include:

CT Scan
MRI
Biopsy
PET Scan
Mammogram

How Is Cancer Treated?

Cancer treatment varies depending on the type and stage of cancer, as well as the patient's overall health. The main treatment options include:

Chemotherapy
Radiation Therapy
Surgery
Immunotherapy
Targeted Therapy

What Is the Role of Surgery in Cancer Treatment?

Surgery is often one of the primary treatment options for cancer. It is used not only to remove tumors but also to diagnose and stage cancer. Some types of cancer where surgery is commonly used include:

Breast Cancer
Colorectal Cancer
Melanoma
Gastric Cancer

How Does Chemotherapy Work?

Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells. These drugs can be administered orally or through an intravenous (IV) line. While chemotherapy can be very effective, it often comes with side effects due to its impact on healthy cells. Common side effects include:

Anemia
Neutropenia
Thrombocytopenia
Nausea and Vomiting
Alopecia

What Is Radiation Therapy and How Is It Used?

Radiation therapy uses high doses of radiation to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. It can be administered externally or internally (brachytherapy). Radiation therapy is particularly effective for:

Lung Cancer
Prostate Cancer
Cervical Cancer
Head and Neck Cancer

What Are the Advantages of Targeted Therapy?

Targeted therapy aims to specifically target cancer cells while minimizing damage to normal cells. This treatment is revolutionary because it can be more effective and less harmful than traditional chemotherapy. Some examples of targeted therapies include:

Herceptin
Gleevec
Tarceva

What Is Immunotherapy and How Does It Work?

Immunotherapy harnesses the body's immune system to combat cancer. It includes treatments like checkpoint inhibitors, which help the immune system recognize and attack cancer cells. Some common immunotherapy drugs include:

Keytruda
Opdivo
Yervoy

Conclusion

Understanding the various medical procedures in the context of cancer helps in making informed decisions about treatment options. From

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