What are miRNAs?
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules approximately 20-22 nucleotides in length. They play a crucial role in gene regulation by binding to the 3' untranslated regions (3' UTR) of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), leading to mRNA degradation or inhibition of translation.
What are some examples of oncogenic and tumor-suppressive miRNAs?
Oncogenic miRNAs, also known as
oncomiRs, promote cancer by targeting tumor suppressor genes. Examples include miR-21, which targets PTEN, and miR-155, which targets SOCS1. Tumor-suppressive miRNAs inhibit cancer by targeting oncogenes. Examples include let-7, which targets RAS, and miR-34, which targets MYC and BCL2.
What is the future of miRNA research in cancer?
The future of miRNA research in cancer is promising. Advancements in
high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics will enhance our understanding of miRNA function and regulation. Additionally, the development of more efficient delivery systems and targeted therapies will improve the clinical application of miRNA-based treatments.
