Postvoid Residual Measurement - Cancer Science

What is Postvoid Residual (PVR) Measurement?

Postvoid residual (PVR) measurement refers to the volume of urine remaining in the bladder after urination. This measurement is crucial in assessing bladder function and diagnosing various urological conditions, including those related to cancer.

Why is PVR Measurement Important in Cancer Patients?

PVR measurement is particularly important for cancer patients because certain types of cancers, such as bladder cancer or prostate cancer, can directly impact bladder function. Additionally, treatments like radiation therapy and chemotherapy can also affect urinary function, necessitating regular monitoring.

How is PVR Measured?

PVR is typically measured using ultrasound or catheterization. Ultrasound is non-invasive and uses sound waves to create an image of the bladder, while catheterization involves inserting a tube into the urethra to directly measure the remaining urine.

What are the Normal and Abnormal PVR Values?

Normal PVR values are generally less than 50 milliliters. Values between 50 to 100 milliliters might be acceptable in older adults, but anything above 100 milliliters is considered abnormal and may indicate an underlying issue such as urinary retention or bladder outlet obstruction.

What Conditions Can High PVR Indicate in Cancer Patients?

In cancer patients, a high PVR can indicate several conditions including:

Bladder dysfunction due to tumor growth
Neurogenic bladder caused by nerve damage from treatments
Obstruction of the urethra by a tumor

How is High PVR Managed in Cancer Patients?

Management of high PVR in cancer patients may include:

Intermittent catheterization to regularly empty the bladder
Medications to improve bladder function, such as anticholinergics or alpha-blockers
Surgical options like transurethral resection to remove obstructions

How Often Should PVR Be Measured in Cancer Patients?

The frequency of PVR measurement depends on the individual's condition and treatment regimen. Generally, regular monitoring is recommended for those undergoing treatments known to affect bladder function or those with cancers that may impact the urinary tract.

Conclusion

Understanding and monitoring PVR is essential in the management of cancer patients, particularly those with urological cancers or undergoing treatments that affect bladder function. Regular PVR measurement can help in early identification and management of urinary complications, thereby improving the quality of life for cancer patients.

Relevant Publications

Urinary Catheter Management.

Issue Release: 2024

Can we define the optimal postvoid residual volume at which intermittent catheterization should be recommended, and are there other measures that could guide an intermittent catheterization protocol: ICI-RS 2023.

Issue Release: 2023

Sex and Gender Influence Urinary Symptoms and Management in Multiple System Atrophy.

Issue Release: 2023

Perioperative Techniques for the Use of Botulinum Toxin in Overactive Bladder: Results of a Multinational Online Survey of Urogynecologists in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland.

Issue Release: 2023

Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Testosterone, Prostate, and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: A Prospective, Comparative Study.

Issue Release: 2023

[The role of antioxidants in the therapy of metabolic syndrome in men].

Issue Release: 2023

The role of transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) in patients with underactive bladder: 12 months follow-up in different grades of detrusor contractility.

Issue Release: 2023

Can We Trust the Math? Correlation of Objective Postvoid Residual With Calculated Subtraction Postvoid Residual.

Issue Release: 2022

Can Women Accurately Predict Their Voided Volumes?

Issue Release: 2022

Can portable ultrasound bladder scanner be applied to young children less than three years old?

Issue Release: 2022

Updates on Preprocedural Evaluation and Patient Selection for Prostatic Artery Embolization.

Issue Release: 2022

Urethral reconstruction for iatrogenic urethral stricture after transurethral prostate surgery: An analysis of surgical and patient-reported outcomes.

Issue Release: 2022

[The influence of alfuzosin monotherapy on the sexual function of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia in real clinical practice (results of a Russian multicenter study)].

Issue Release: 2022

Efficacy and Safety of Transurethral Columnar Balloon Dilation of the Prostate for the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Multicenter Trial.

Issue Release: 2022

Superficial peroneal neuromodulation of nonobstructive urinary retention induced by prolonged pudendal afferent activity in cats.

Issue Release: 2022

Novel insight into the correlation between hernia orifice of cystocele and lower urinary tract function: a pilot study.

Issue Release: 2022

Extended TIP vs. Standard TIP for primary distal hypospadias repair: randomized study for comparing functional and cosmetic outcomes.

Issue Release: 2021

Ventral onlay buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty for female urethral stricture.

Issue Release: 2021

High prevalence of lower urinary tract dysfunction in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome.

Issue Release: 2021

Watt matters: Safety and efficacy of using a 140-W high-powered holmium laser for enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP).

Issue Release: 2021

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