How Does it Work?
The stellate ganglion is part of the sympathetic nervous system, which controls 'fight or flight' responses. By blocking these nerves, the procedure can reduce pain signals and improve blood flow by dilating blood vessels. This can be particularly beneficial in managing
complex regional pain syndrome and certain types of cancer pain, including pain in the head, neck, and upper extremities.
Why is it Used in Cancer Treatment?
In the context of cancer, stellate ganglion blocks are often employed to manage severe pain that is not adequately controlled by other means. This can include pain from
tumors pressing on nerves or other structures, as well as pain from
cancer treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation. Additionally, this block can help alleviate symptoms like hot flashes and
vasomotor symptoms in patients undergoing treatment for breast cancer or other hormone-sensitive cancers.
Who Can Benefit from Stellate Ganglion Block?
Patients with cancer experiencing chronic pain in the head, neck, or upper extremities may benefit from a stellate ganglion block. It may also be beneficial for patients suffering from
neuropathic pain or those with secondary conditions like complex regional pain syndrome. However, it is crucial to have a thorough evaluation by a healthcare provider to determine the appropriateness of this treatment for each individual case.
What are the Risks and Side Effects?
While generally considered safe, the stellate ganglion block does carry some risks and potential side effects. These can include infection, bleeding, nerve damage, or pneumothorax (collapsed lung). Temporary side effects may include hoarseness, drooping eyelid, nasal congestion, and difficulty swallowing. It is essential to discuss these risks with your healthcare provider prior to undergoing the procedure.
How is the Procedure Performed?
The procedure is usually performed on an outpatient basis. The patient lies on their back with their head slightly turned to the side. The skin is cleaned, and a local anesthetic is administered. Using imaging guidance such as fluoroscopy or ultrasound, the physician carefully inserts a needle to the area around the stellate ganglion and injects the anesthetic. The procedure typically takes about 30 minutes, and patients are monitored for a short time afterward to ensure there are no immediate complications.
What to Expect After the Procedure?
Patients may experience immediate pain relief, although the duration of relief can vary. Some may experience several weeks of pain relief, while others may need repeated blocks for sustained benefit. It’s important to follow up with your healthcare provider to evaluate the effectiveness of the block and discuss any further treatment options.
Conclusion
Stellate ganglion block can be a valuable tool in managing cancer-related pain and symptoms. While it is not suitable for everyone, it offers a potential option for those who have not found relief through other treatments. As always, a thorough discussion with your healthcare provider will help determine if this procedure is right for you.
