Oncology trials are generally conducted in phases. Each phase has a specific purpose and helps answer different research questions:
Phase I: These trials test a new treatmentâs safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects. Phase II: The focus is on assessing the efficacy of the treatment for a specific cancer type and further evaluating its safety. Phase III: These trials compare the new treatment to the current standard treatment, involving a larger group of participants to confirm effectiveness, monitor side effects, and collect information that will allow the new treatment to be used safely. Phase IV: Conducted after a treatment receives FDA approval, these trials gather additional information on the treatmentâs risks, benefits, and optimal use.
