How Do Dimeric Proteins Contribute to Cancer Progression?
Dimeric proteins contribute to cancer progression through several mechanisms:
Signaling Pathways: Dimerization is essential for the activation of many receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), such as HER2. Upon dimerization, these receptors activate downstream signaling pathways that promote cell proliferation and survival. Transcription Regulation: Dimeric transcription factors, like MYC, can bind to DNA and regulate the expression of genes involved in cell growth and division. Aberrant dimerization can lead to uncontrolled gene expression. Apoptosis Regulation: Proteins like Bcl-2 form dimers that can either promote or inhibit apoptosis. Dysregulated dimerization can result in the evasion of apoptosis, allowing cancer cells to survive.
