HEPA filters trap particles through a combination of three mechanisms: interception, impaction, and diffusion. Interception occurs when particles follow the airstream and adhere to fibers. Impaction happens when larger particles collide with fibers and get trapped. Diffusion affects the smallest particles, causing them to collide with gas molecules and get caught in the fibers. These mechanisms collectively make HEPA filters highly effective at removing airborne pollutants.
