In cancer research, HPLC is used to analyze a variety of biological samples such as blood, urine, and tissue extracts. The sample is injected into the HPLC system, where it is carried by a mobile phase through a column packed with a stationary phase. Different components of the sample interact differently with the stationary phase, causing them to elute at different times. These components are then detected and quantified using various detectors such as UV-Vis, fluorescence, or mass spectrometry.