Skin cancer is primarily categorized into three types: basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Basal cell carcinoma often appears as a pearly or waxy bump, while squamous cell carcinoma might present as a firm, red nodule or a flat lesion with a scaly, crusted surface. Melanoma, the most dangerous form, usually manifests as a change in an existing mole or the appearance of a new, unusual growth.