How Does the Tumor Microenvironment Influence Evolution?
The tumor microenvironment plays a significant role in cancer evolution. This environment comprises various cell types, signaling molecules, and extracellular matrix components that interact with cancer cells. These interactions can influence the selection pressures on cancer cells, promoting the emergence of traits that enhance survival and invasiveness. For example, hypoxic (low oxygen) conditions within tumors can select for cells that are better adapted to survive in low-oxygen environments, contributing to tumor progression and resistance to certain therapies.
