The process of TIL therapy involves several key steps:
Isolation: Tumor tissue is surgically removed from the patient. Lymphocytes that have naturally infiltrated the tumor are isolated from this tissue. Expansion: The isolated lymphocytes are cultured and expanded in the laboratory using interleukin-2 (IL-2), a cytokine that promotes T cell growth. Activation: The expanded lymphocytes are activated to enhance their ability to recognize and attack cancer cells. Infusion: The activated lymphocytes are infused back into the patient, often following a regimen of lymphodepleting chemotherapy to reduce competition from existing immune cells.
