What Are Some Key Discoveries From the HGP Related to Cancer?
Several significant discoveries from the HGP have advanced our understanding of cancer:
1. BRCA1 and BRCA2 Genes: Mutations in these genes are linked to a higher risk of breast and ovarian cancers. The HGP has helped identify these mutations, leading to improved screening and prevention strategies.
2. TP53 Gene: Known as the "guardian of the genome," mutations in the TP53 gene are found in many cancers. Understanding its role has been crucial in developing therapies that can reactivate its tumor-suppressing functions.
3. RAS Gene Family: Mutations in the RAS gene family are common in cancers. The HGP has facilitated the development of drugs that target the RAS signaling pathways, offering new treatment avenues.
