Despite its potential, cancer biomonitoring faces several challenges: - Complexity of Cancer: Cancer is a multifactorial disease with numerous potential causes, making it difficult to identify specific biomarkers. - Sensitivity and Specificity: Biomarkers must be highly sensitive and specific to be useful in detecting cancer early and accurately. - Ethical and Privacy Concerns: The collection and analysis of biological samples raise ethical issues, including informed consent and data privacy. - Resource-Intensive: Biomonitoring requires sophisticated technology and trained personnel, which can be resource-intensive and costly.