While EGFR-targeted therapies have shown significant efficacy, several challenges remain. Resistance to TKIs often develops, either through secondary mutations in EGFR itself or through activation of alternative signaling pathways. Additionally, not all patients with EGFR mutations respond to these therapies, and there can be significant side effects, such as skin rashes and gastrointestinal issues. Addressing these challenges requires ongoing research and the development of next-generation inhibitors and combination therapies.