Imaging Tests: Techniques like X-rays, CT scans, MRI, and PET scans provide detailed images of the inside of the body. Biopsy: A procedure where a small sample of tissue is taken from the suspected area and examined under a microscope. Laboratory Tests: Blood, urine, and other body fluids may be tested for abnormal levels of substances that can indicate cancer. Endoscopy: A flexible tube with a camera is used to view the inside of bodily organs. Genetic Tests: Identifying specific gene mutations can help in diagnosing hereditary cancers.