1. Medical History and Physical Examination: A detailed medical history is taken, including information on the type and stage of cancer, previous treatments, and any other medical conditions. The physical examination helps in assessing the patientâs general health status.
2. Laboratory Tests: Common tests include Complete Blood Count (CBC), liver and kidney function tests, and coagulation profile. These tests help in identifying any abnormalities that need to be addressed before surgery.
3. Imaging Studies: Depending on the type of cancer, imaging studies such as X-rays, CT scans, MRI, and PET scans may be performed to assess the extent of the disease and plan the surgical approach.
4. Cardiopulmonary Evaluation: This includes an electrocardiogram (ECG) and possibly an echocardiogram or stress test to assess the heart and lung function, especially in patients with a history of cardiovascular or respiratory diseases.
5. Nutritional Assessment: Malnutrition is common in cancer patients and can affect recovery. A nutritional assessment helps in identifying deficiencies and planning interventions.
6. Psychosocial Evaluation: Emotional and psychological support is essential for cancer patients. This evaluation helps in identifying any psychological issues that need to be addressed before surgery.
