The process of molecular cloning generally involves the following steps:
1. Isolation of DNA: Extracting DNA from cancer cells or tissues. 2. Cutting DNA: Using restriction enzymes to cut the DNA at specific sequences. 3. Ligation: Inserting the DNA fragment into a cloning vector, such as a plasmid. 4. Transformation: Introducing the recombinant DNA into a host cell, usually bacteria. 5. Selection and Screening: Identifying the host cells that have successfully taken up the recombinant DNA. 6. Amplification and Analysis: Growing the selected cells and analyzing the cloned DNA.
