What biomarkers are commonly tested in urine samples for cancer detection?
Several biomarkers are commonly tested in urine samples for cancer detection, including: - Hematuria: The presence of blood in urine, which can be a sign of bladder or kidney cancer. - Cytology: Examination of urine under a microscope to check for cancerous cells. - Proteins and Enzymes: Elevated levels of certain proteins and enzymes can indicate the presence of cancer. - DNA Mutations: Genetic tests can identify mutations associated with specific types of cancer.
