Ruxolitinib is a drug that belongs to a class of medications known as Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors. It is primarily used to treat certain forms of cancer, specifically myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) and some types of lymphomas. The drug works by inhibiting the activity of JAK1 and JAK2, enzymes that play a crucial role in the signaling pathways involved in the growth and proliferation of cancer cells.