To become an oncologist, a student must first complete a Bachelorâs degree, followed by a medical degree (M.D. or D.O.). After obtaining a medical degree, the next step is to complete a residency in internal medicine or a related field, which usually lasts three years. Following this, a fellowship in oncology is required, which can take an additional two to four years. During this period, doctors receive training in specific types of cancer and treatment techniques.
