Several types of prophylactic surgeries can be performed, depending on the type of cancer risk:
1. Prophylactic Mastectomy: This involves the removal of one or both breasts to reduce the risk of breast cancer. Women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations often consider this option. 2. Prophylactic Salpingo-Oophorectomy: This surgery removes the ovaries and fallopian tubes to lower the risk of ovarian and fallopian tube cancer. It is often recommended for women at high genetic risk. 3. Prophylactic Colectomy: For individuals with conditions like familial adenomatous polyposis, removing the colon can prevent colorectal cancer. 4. Prophylactic Thyroidectomy: In people with certain genetic mutations that increase the risk of thyroid cancer, removing the thyroid gland may be advised.
