Developing new cancer drugs is a lengthy and expensive process. One major limitation is the preclinical testing phase, which often relies on animal models that do not perfectly mimic human cancer. This can result in drugs that appear effective in the lab but fail in human trials. Additionally, the clinical trial process itself is fraught with challenges, including patient recruitment, ethical considerations, and the need for long-term follow-up to monitor side effects and efficacy. The heterogeneity of cancer also means that a drug that works for one type of cancer may not work for another, further complicating drug development.
