Glutathione s transferases (GSTs) - Cancer Science

What are Glutathione S-Transferases (GSTs)?

Glutathione S-Transferases (GSTs) are a group of enzymes involved in the detoxification of endogenous and exogenous compounds. They catalyze the conjugation of the antioxidant glutathione to various electrophilic compounds, facilitating their removal from the body. GSTs are expressed in many tissues and have a crucial role in cellular defense mechanisms.

How are GSTs Related to Cancer?

GSTs are implicated in cancer due to their role in detoxifying carcinogens and other harmful compounds. Overexpression of certain GST isoforms can contribute to chemoresistance by detoxifying chemotherapeutic agents, thereby reducing their efficacy. On the other hand, some polymorphisms in GST genes are associated with an increased risk of developing various forms of cancer.

What are the Main Types of GSTs Involved in Cancer?

The GST family is divided into several classes, including Alpha, Mu, Pi, Theta, and Omega. Among these, GSTP1 (Pi class) is the most studied in the context of cancer. GSTP1 is often overexpressed in tumors and is linked to resistance to multiple chemotherapy drugs. Other isoforms, such as GSTA1 and GSTM1, also play significant roles in cancer biology.

Can GSTs Serve as Biomarkers for Cancer?

Yes, GSTs can serve as potential biomarkers for cancer prognosis and treatment response. For instance, elevated levels of GSTP1 can indicate poor prognosis and resistance to chemotherapy in certain cancers like prostate cancer and breast cancer. Additionally, GST polymorphisms can serve as genetic markers for cancer susceptibility.

Are There Therapeutic Interventions Targeting GSTs?

Researchers are exploring various strategies to inhibit GST activity as a means to enhance chemotherapy efficacy. GST inhibitors, such as ethacrynic acid, have shown potential in preclinical studies. Additionally, targeting GSTs with siRNA or other gene-silencing technologies is being investigated to overcome drug resistance in cancer cells.

What is the Future of GST Research in Cancer?

Ongoing research aims to better understand the complex role of GSTs in cancer biology. Advances in precision medicine and personalized therapy may allow for more tailored approaches in targeting GSTs. Combining GST inhibitors with conventional chemotherapy could potentially improve treatment outcomes for patients with drug-resistant cancers.

Relevant Publications

Heterologous expression and characterization of two delta glutathione S-transferases genes involved in imidacloprid metabolism in Grapholita molesta.

Issue Release: 2024

The diverse functions of Mu-class Glutathione S-transferase HrGSTm1 during the development of Hyalomma rufipes with a focus on the detoxification metabolism of cyhalothrin.

Issue Release: 2024

Distribution and insecticide resistance profile of the major malaria vector Anopheles funestus group across the African continent.

Issue Release: 2024

Enhanced metabolic detoxification is associated with fluroxypyr resistance in .

Issue Release: 2024

Glyphosate exposure affected longevity-related pathways and reduced survival in asian honey bees (Apis cerana).

Issue Release: 2024

Manganese- and zinc-coordinated interaction of Schistosoma japonicum glutathione S-transferase with neurotransmitter transporters GlyT1 and GAT3 in vitro.

Issue Release: 2024

Computational-based investigation of antioxidative potential polyphenolic compounds of Salvia officinalis L.: combined DFT and molecular docking approaches.

Issue Release: 2024

Role of glutathione S-transferases in the mode of action of herbicides that inhibit amino acid synthesis in Amaranthus palmeri.

Issue Release: 2024

Effects of Glutathione S-Transferases (GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1) gene variants in combination with smoking or drinking on cancers: A meta-analysis.

Issue Release: 2024

Identification of protein components of the transformation system in the cell line of immortalized human keratinocytes HaCaT exposed to surfactants.

Issue Release: 2024

Human mitochondrial glutathione transferases: Kinetic parameters and accommodation of a mitochondria-targeting group in substrates.

Issue Release: 2024

Molecular mechanisms for selective action of afidopyropen to Myzus persicae and Coccinella septempunctata.

Issue Release: 2024

Suppressing the expression of glutathione S-transferase gene GSTd10 increases the sensitivity of Zeugodacus cucurbitae against β-cypermethrin.

Issue Release: 2024

Screening and functional validation of the core detoxification genes conferring broad-spectrum response to insecticides in Spodoptera frugiperda.

Issue Release: 2024

Identification of putative promoter elements for epsilon glutathione s-transferases genes associated with resistance to DDT in the malaria vector mosquito anopheles arabiensis.

Issue Release: 2024

Glutathione S-transferase M1, T1, and P1 polymorphisms and periodontitis in a Caucasian population: a case-control study.

Issue Release: 2024

Swift regulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enables the rapid detoxification of thiacloprid in pine sawyer beetles.

Issue Release: 2024

Molecular study of the transcription factor SKN-1 and its putative relationship with genes that encode GST and antioxidant enzymes in Haemonchus contortus.

Issue Release: 2024

Elucidating the detoxification efficacy of Periplaneta americana delta glutathione S-transferase 1 (PaGSTd1) against organophosphates.

Issue Release: 2024

Glutathione-Dependent Pathways in Cancer Cells.

Issue Release: 2024

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