What is Cancer?
Cancer is a broad term that encompasses over 100 different diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells. These cells can invade nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream and lymphatic system.
How is Cancer Diagnosed?
Diagnosis often begins with a physical exam and a review of the patient's medical history. Diagnostic tools can include imaging techniques like
MRI,
CT scans, and
X-rays. Further, a
biopsy is typically performed to obtain a sample of tissue for microscopic examination.
What are the Risk Factors?
Several risk factors can increase the likelihood of developing cancer. These include lifestyle factors such as
smoking, poor diet, and lack of physical activity. Genetic predisposition and environmental exposures like
radiation and
carcinogens can also play a role.
What is the Role of Preventive Measures?
Preventive measures play a crucial role in minimizing cancer risk. These include lifestyle modifications like maintaining a healthy diet, regular exercise, and avoiding known carcinogens. Vaccinations, such as the
HPV vaccine, can also reduce the risk of certain cancers.
What is Palliative Care?
Palliative care focuses on providing relief from the symptoms and stress of cancer. It aims to improve the quality of life for both the patient and their family. This type of care can be administered alongside curative treatments and includes pain management, psychological support, and social services.
How Can Patients and Families Prepare?
Preparation involves understanding the diagnosis, exploring treatment options, and considering the emotional and financial aspects of cancer care. Support groups and counseling services can provide invaluable assistance to both patients and their families during this challenging time.
