What is Cancer?
Cancer refers to a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells. If the spread is not controlled, it can result in death. Cancer can originate almost anywhere in the human body, which is made up of trillions of cells.
How Does Cancer Develop?
Cancer develops when the normal regulatory mechanisms of cell growth and division fail. This can be caused by genetic mutations, which may be inherited or acquired due to environmental factors. These mutations affect genes that control cell growth, such as
oncogenes and
tumor suppressor genes.
How is Cancer Diagnosed?
Diagnosis typically involves a combination of physical examinations, imaging techniques (such as
MRI and
CT scans), and laboratory tests. A definitive diagnosis often requires a
biopsy, where a sample of suspicious tissue is examined microscopically.
Can Cancer Be Prevented?
While not all cancers can be prevented, reducing risk factors can significantly lower the likelihood of developing the disease. Preventive measures include quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy diet, regular exercise, and avoiding excessive sun exposure. Vaccinations, such as the
HPV vaccine, can also prevent certain types of cancer.
