Breast Cancer
What is Breast Cancer? Breast cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the cells of the breasts. It can occur in both men and women, but it is far more common in women.
What are the Risk Factors?
Common risk factors include age, family history, genetic mutations (such as BRCA1 and BRCA2), and lifestyle factors like alcohol consumption and obesity.
How is it Diagnosed?
Diagnosis typically involves a combination of mammograms, ultrasound, MRI, and biopsy.
What are the Treatment Options?
Treatment may involve surgery (lumpectomy or mastectomy), radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapy.
Lung Cancer
What is Lung Cancer? Lung cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the lungs. It is one of the most common and serious types of cancer.
What are the Risk Factors?
The primary risk factor is smoking, but exposure to radon gas, asbestos, and other environmental toxins also contribute.
How is it Diagnosed?
Diagnosis often involves imaging tests like X-rays and CT scans, followed by a biopsy to confirm the presence of cancer cells.
What are the Treatment Options?
Treatment can include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, depending on the stage and type of lung cancer.
Prostate Cancer
What is Prostate Cancer? Prostate cancer starts in the prostate gland, which is part of the male reproductive system. It is one of the most common cancers in men.
What are the Risk Factors?
Age, family history, race (higher incidence in African-American men), and diet are significant risk factors.
How is it Diagnosed?
Diagnosis typically involves a digital rectal exam (DRE), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, and biopsy.
What are the Treatment Options?
Treatment options may include active surveillance, surgery (prostatectomy), radiation therapy, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy.
Colorectal Cancer
What is Colorectal Cancer? Colorectal cancer starts in the colon or rectum. It is a common form of cancer and is often preventable through regular screening.
What are the Risk Factors?
Risk factors include age, family history, certain genetic conditions, a diet high in red or processed meats, and lack of physical activity.
How is it Diagnosed?
Diagnosis usually involves a colonoscopy, during which polyps or abnormal growths can be removed and tested for cancerous cells.
What are the Treatment Options?
Treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy.
Skin Cancer
What is Skin Cancer? Skin cancer is the abnormal growth of skin cells, usually caused by exposure to the sun. There are several types, including basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma.
What are the Risk Factors?
Major risk factors include excessive sun exposure, tanning beds, fair skin, a history of sunburns, and family history.
How is it Diagnosed?
Diagnosis involves a visual examination by a dermatologist, followed by a biopsy to confirm the presence of cancer cells.
What are the Treatment Options?
Treatment options include surgical removal, Mohs surgery, cryotherapy, laser therapy, radiation therapy, and topical medications.
