The identification of specific genetic mutations in cancer has led to the development of targeted therapies. These treatments specifically inhibit the function of mutant proteins. Examples include:
1. Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs): Used to treat cancers with mutations in tyrosine kinase genes, such as imatinib in CML.
2. PARP Inhibitors: Target cancers with mutations in DNA repair genes, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2.
3. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Used in cancers with high mutational burdens, where the immune system can be reinvigorated to attack cancer cells.
