Cancer cells often exploit several strategies to bypass the restriction point:
Mutations in Tumor Suppressors: Loss-of-function mutations in tumor suppressors like Rb or p53 disable critical checkpoints. Overexpression of Oncogenes: Oncogenes such as cyclin D1 can be overexpressed, leading to excessive CDK activity. Epigenetic Changes: Alterations in the expression of genes involved in cell cycle regulation due to epigenetic modifications can disrupt the restriction point.
