Fungal infections can increase cancer risk through several mechanisms. For instance, chronic inflammation caused by persistent fungal infections can lead to DNA damage and a conducive environment for tumor growth. Some fungi release mycotoxins, which are carcinogenic in nature. An example is aflatoxin, produced by Aspergillus, which has been linked to liver cancer. Furthermore, individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or undergoing chemotherapy, are more susceptible to fungal infections, which can exacerbate cancer progression.
