Nanoparticles can be designed to exploit the unique characteristics of the tumor microenvironment. For example, they can take advantage of the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, where the leaky vasculature of tumors allows nanoparticles to accumulate more easily in cancerous tissues. Additionally, nanoparticles can be engineered to release their payload in response to specific stimuli such as pH changes, enzymes, or temperature.
