Oncolytic bacteria work through multiple mechanisms to combat cancer. Firstly, they can directly lyse cancer cells by infecting and replicating within them. Secondly, the bacteria can stimulate an anti-tumor immune response by releasing cytokines and other immune-activating factors. Thirdly, they can disrupt the tumor microenvironment, making it less conducive to cancer growth. These combined actions result in the reduction of tumor size and metastasis.
