CRISPR works by using a specialized protein called Cas9, which acts like a pair of molecular scissors to cut DNA at specific locations. Scientists can design RNA sequences that guide Cas9 to the exact spot on the DNA where the cut should be made. This allows researchers to either disable a gene, correct a mutation, or insert a new gene. In cancer research, CRISPR can be used to identify the function of specific genes in cancer cells, create more accurate cancer models, and potentially develop new therapies.
