TTI-101 works by inhibiting the phosphorylation of STAT3, which is necessary for its activation. By blocking STAT3 activation, TTI-101 prevents the transcription of genes involved in cell survival, proliferation, and angiogenesis. This inhibition can lead to reduced tumor growth and increased cancer cell apoptosis. In addition, TTI-101's ability to disrupt the STAT3 pathway can also inhibit the tumor microenvironment, further hindering cancer progression.