The 20th century saw significant advancements in cancer research. The discovery of the structure of DNA in 1953 by James Watson and Francis Crick paved the way for understanding the genetic basis of cancer. The establishment of large-scale cancer research organizations, such as the National Cancer Institute (NCI) in 1937, provided the infrastructure for intensive research efforts. Breakthroughs in molecular biology, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy have continually evolved, offering new hope for effective treatments.
