Breast cancer prediction involves a combination of risk assessment tools, genetic testing, and imaging techniques:
Risk Assessment Tools These are statistical models that estimate an individual's risk based on various factors. Commonly used tools include:
Gail Model: Estimates risk based on age, family history, reproductive history, and biopsy results. Tyrer-Cuzick Model: Provides a more comprehensive risk assessment by including genetic factors and detailed family history.
Genetic Testing Genetic testing identifies specific mutations in genes like BRCA1 and BRCA2 that significantly increase the risk of breast cancer. Individuals with these mutations can consider preventive measures such as enhanced screening, prophylactic surgery, or chemoprevention.
Imaging Techniques Regular screening through mammography, ultrasound, and MRI can detect early signs of breast cancer. Advanced imaging technologies like digital breast tomosynthesis (3D mammography) provide more detailed images, improving the accuracy of detection.
