Cancer staging is the process of determining the extent of cancer spread within the body. Staging is crucial for planning treatment and predicting outcomes. The most commonly used staging system is the TNM system, which stands for Tumor size (T), Node involvement (N), and Metastasis (M). Other staging systems include the FIGO system for gynecological cancers and the Ann Arbor staging system for lymphomas. Staging often involves a combination of imaging studies, biopsies, and sometimes surgical exploration.
