Genetic validation typically involves multiple steps:
Identification of Candidate Genes: Initial studies, such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS), identify potential genes or mutations associated with cancer. Functional Studies: Laboratory experiments, often involving cell lines or animal models, are performed to understand the functional role of the candidate gene in cancer development. Replication Studies: The findings are replicated in different populations or settings to ensure the results are consistent and reliable. Clinical Correlation: The genetic findings are correlated with clinical outcomes to establish their relevance in a real-world setting.
