How is Hypercalcemia Diagnosed and Managed in Cancer Patients?
Diagnosis of hypercalcemia typically involves blood tests to measure calcium levels, PTH, PTHrP, and other relevant markers. Imaging studies may also be used to identify bone metastases. Management of hypercalcemia includes:
Hydration with intravenous fluids to enhance renal calcium excretion Use of bisphosphonates or denosumab to inhibit bone resorption Administration of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and calcium absorption Addressing the underlying cancer with appropriate oncological treatments
