Advances in technology have led to the development of alternative testing methods that could reduce the need for animals in cancer research. These include organ-on-a-chip technology, which mimics human organs' microenvironments, and 3D-culture systems that allow the growth of cancer cells in a more physiologically relevant manner. Computational modeling and bioinformatics are also playing an increasingly important role, providing insights into cancer progression and treatment responses. These alternatives are not only more ethical but can also offer more rapid and cost-effective results.
