Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome (HBOC): This syndrome is primarily linked to mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, leading to increased risk for breast, ovarian, and other cancers. Lynch Syndrome: Also known as hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), this syndrome is associated with mutations in mismatch repair genes, increasing the risk of colorectal, endometrial, and other cancers. Li-Fraumeni Syndrome: Caused by mutations in the TP53 gene, this syndrome predisposes individuals to a range of cancers, including sarcomas, breast cancer, and brain tumors. Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP): Linked to mutations in the APC gene, FAP causes the development of numerous polyps in the colon and rectum, significantly increasing colorectal cancer risk.
