Cancer clinical trials are conducted in multiple phases, each designed to answer specific research questions:
Phase I: Tests a new treatment in a small group of people to evaluate safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects. Phase II: The treatment is given to a larger group to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety. Phase III: Administers the treatment to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the treatment to be used safely. Phase IV: Conducted after a treatment has been approved for use by the FDA. These trials continue to monitor the treatmentâs risks and benefits in a larger population.
