Research and Development (R&D): This phase involves the discovery and initial testing of new compounds that may be effective against cancer. Clinical Trials: These are multi-phase studies conducted to test the safety and efficacy of new treatments in human subjects. Regulatory Approval: After successful clinical trials, companies must obtain approval from regulatory bodies like the FDA or EMA. Patient Support Programs: These initiatives provide financial assistance, education, and emotional support to patients undergoing treatment. Post-Marketing Surveillance: Continuous monitoring of the drug's performance in the real world to identify any long-term side effects or issues.
