What are the Types of Epigenetic Changes in Cancer?
There are several key types of epigenetic changes associated with cancer:
DNA Methylation: The addition of a methyl group to DNA, typically at CpG islands, can silence gene expression. Abnormal DNA methylation patterns are a hallmark of various cancers. Histone Modification: Histones are proteins around which DNA is wrapped. Modifications such as methylation, acetylation, and phosphorylation can influence gene expression by altering chromatin structure. Non-coding RNA: These RNA molecules do not code for proteins but can regulate gene expression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are examples that have been implicated in cancer.
